Journal: Emerging Infectious Diseases

Article Title: Livestock Susceptibility to Infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

doi: 10.3201/eid2302.161239

Figure Lengend Snippet: Presence of MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 (IHC) and of mucosubstances (PAS) in upper and lower respiratory tract tissues from sheep, pigs, llamas, and horses. A) In the nose, DPP4 (red cytoplasmic or membrane staining) was present on the lining epithelium of pigs, llamas, and horses but not sheep. PAS staining (magenta) demonstrated more mucous cells in the lining epithelium of sheep and horses and a layer of mucus on the lining epithelium of the horses. B) DPP4 (red cytoplasmic or membrane staining) was present on the lining epithelium of the trachea, bronchus/bronchioles, and alveoli in the pigs, llamas and horses but not in the sheep. Original magnification ×400 for all images. DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; IHC, immunohistochemistry; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; PAS, periodic acid–Schiff; term., terminal.

Article Snippet: In brief, we performed DPP4 IHC staining by using 5 μg/mL of polyclonal goat IgG anti-human DPP4 antibody (R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK) and peroxidase-labeled rabbit anti-goat IgG (1:200; DAKO; Agilent Technologies Company, Santa Clara, CA, USA) as a secondary antibody.

Techniques: Membrane, Staining, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Species-Specific Colocalization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Attachment and Entry Receptors

doi: 10.1128/jvi.00107-19

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. DPP4 expression and MERS-CoV S1A binding in the intestinal tissues of 669

Article Snippet: 315 MERS-CoV nucleoprotein was detected with 5 μg/ml mouse anti-MERS nucleoprotein 316 (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China), while DPP4 expression with either with 5 μg/ml goat 317 anti-human DPP4 (R&D, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA) or with 10 μg/ml mouse anti-318 human DPP4 (clone 11D7, Origene, Rockville, Maryland, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Species-Specific Colocalization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Attachment and Entry Receptors

doi: 10.1128/JVI.00107-19

Figure Lengend Snippet: MERS-CoV S1 A binds specifically to the nasal epithelium of dromedary camels. (A) Nanoparticles displaying a multivalent MERS-CoV S1 A domain (np-S1 A ) bind to the apical surface of camel nasal ciliated epithelial cells, as revealed by red staining. np-S1 A binding is inhibited by prior neuraminidase treatment of these nasal tissues. Blank nanoparticles also do not bind to these tissues. (B) Goblet cells (arrows), visualized in purple by periodic acid-Schiff stain, are DPP4 negative, unlike nasal ciliated columnar epithelial cells (arrowheads). DPP4 expression is indicated in red. MERS-CoV S1 A binding to these goblet cells (red) can be abrogated by neuraminidase treatment. In MERS-CoV-infected camels, MERS-CoV S1 A (green) binds to both nasal ciliated columnar epithelial cells and goblet cells, while MERS-CoV N protein (red) is detected only in nasal ciliated columnar epithelial cells. np-S1 A binding is abrogated by a nanobody against the S1 A domain (Nb anti-S1 A ) but not by one against the S1 B domain (Nb anti-S1 B ). The tissues used in these experiments were sequentially cut. All pictures were taken at a ×400 magnification. (C) Nb anti-S1 A and Nb anti-S1 B bind specifically to S1 A and S1 B domains, respectively, and both bind to S1 protein, as revealed by an ELISA. The control nanobody does not bind to S1, S1 A , and S1 B . Nanobody binding is expressed as optical density at 450 nm (OD 450 ) values determined by an ELISA.

Article Snippet: MERS-CoV nucleoprotein was detected with 5 μg/ml mouse anti-MERS nucleoprotein (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China), while DPP4 expression was detected with either 5 μg/ml goat anti-human DPP4 (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or 10 μg/ml mouse anti-human DPP4 (clone 11D7; Origene, Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Staining, Binding Assay, Expressing, Infection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Species-Specific Colocalization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Attachment and Entry Receptors

doi: 10.1128/JVI.00107-19

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of MERS-CoV N protein, DPP4, α2,3-sialic acids, and MERS-CoV S1 A binding in the nasal epithelium of dromedary camels, pigs, and rabbits. MERS-CoV N protein, DPP4, α2,3-sialic acid, and MERS-CoV S1 A binding are all indicated in red. MERS-CoV N protein is detected in the nasal epithelium tissues of MERS-CoV-infected dromedary camels, pigs, and rabbits. DPP4, α2,3-sialic acid, and MERS-CoV S1 A binding were evaluated on the tissues of noninfected animals. MERS-CoV N protein and DPP4 are detected in the nasal epithelium of dromedary camel, pig, and rabbit. α2,3-Sialic acids are detected in the nasal epithelium of dromedary camel and rabbit but not in that of pig. Meanwhile, MERS-CoV S1 A binds merely to the nasal epithelium of dromedary camel. Magnification, ×400.

Article Snippet: MERS-CoV nucleoprotein was detected with 5 μg/ml mouse anti-MERS nucleoprotein (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China), while DPP4 expression was detected with either 5 μg/ml goat anti-human DPP4 (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or 10 μg/ml mouse anti-human DPP4 (clone 11D7; Origene, Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Infection

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Species-Specific Colocalization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Attachment and Entry Receptors

doi: 10.1128/JVI.00107-19

Figure Lengend Snippet: DPP4 expression and MERS-CoV S1 A binding in intestinal tissues of common pipistrelle bat, serotine bat, Gambian epauletted fruit bat, and Egyptian fruit bat. DPP4 expression and MERS-CoV S1 A binding are indicated in red. DPP4 is expressed at the apical surface of the intestinal epithelial cells of these four bat species. MERS-CoV S1 A binds to the apical surface of the intestinal epithelial cells of common pipistrelle bats in both villi and crypts, while in other bat species, it mostly binds to intestinal epithelial cells within the crypts. Magnification, ×400.

Article Snippet: MERS-CoV nucleoprotein was detected with 5 μg/ml mouse anti-MERS nucleoprotein (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China), while DPP4 expression was detected with either 5 μg/ml goat anti-human DPP4 (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or 10 μg/ml mouse anti-human DPP4 (clone 11D7; Origene, Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Species-Specific Colocalization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Attachment and Entry Receptors

doi: 10.1128/JVI.00107-19

Figure Lengend Snippet: MERS-CoV receptor and attachment factor in the human lower respiratory tract epithelium. (A) The MERS-CoV receptor, DPP4, is expressed in the nasal epithelium of dromedary camels, while in the lungs, it is mainly expressed in endothelial cells. In the human respiratory tract, DPP4 is expressed in bronchiolar epithelial cells (arrowhead) and type II pneumocytes (arrow) in the lungs but not in the nasal epithelium. (B) α2,3-Sialic acid expression and MERS-CoV S1 A binding are also detected in human bronchiolar epithelial cells (arrowheads) and type II pneumocytes (arrows). DPP4 expression, α2,3-sialic acids, and MERS-CoV S1 A binding are indicated in red. (C) In human alveoli, DPP4 expression (red) colocalizes in the same cells where MERS-CoV S1 A binds (green). Pictures of the nasal epithelium were taken at a ×400 magnification, and those of the alveoli were taken at a ×1,000 magnification.

Article Snippet: MERS-CoV nucleoprotein was detected with 5 μg/ml mouse anti-MERS nucleoprotein (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China), while DPP4 expression was detected with either 5 μg/ml goat anti-human DPP4 (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or 10 μg/ml mouse anti-human DPP4 (clone 11D7; Origene, Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Binding Assay

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Species-Specific Colocalization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Attachment and Entry Receptors

doi: 10.1128/JVI.00107-19

Figure Lengend Snippet: Binding of the MERS-CoV S1 A domain and MERS-CoV infection in primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells are inhibited upon prior neuraminidase treatment. (A) Removal of sialic acids using neuraminidase (NA) treatment diminishes MERS-CoV S1 A binding to primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells but not DPP4 expression in these cells. (B) The same treatment also significantly inhibits MERS-CoV infection in these cells up to 50%. Immunofluorescence images in panel A were taken at a ×400 magnification, and those in panel B were taken at a ×100 magnification. ***, P value of <0.0001 by a t test.

Article Snippet: MERS-CoV nucleoprotein was detected with 5 μg/ml mouse anti-MERS nucleoprotein (Sino-Biological, Beijing, China), while DPP4 expression was detected with either 5 μg/ml goat anti-human DPP4 (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or 10 μg/ml mouse anti-human DPP4 (clone 11D7; Origene, Rockville, MD, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Infection, Expressing, Immunofluorescence

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: PARP inhibitor-induced anti-tumour chemokine response is suppressed by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41416-025-03076-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Animal experiment designed to investigate the effect of the combination treatment of olaparib with sitagliptin, placebo and sitagliptin groups pooled from two separate experiments. b DPP4 activity assay with tumour homogenates collected at the time of animal sacrifice from the animal experiment displayed in ( a ) without pooled placebo and sitagliptin groups, significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. c ELISA-quantification of mCCL5 or mCXCL10, respectively, from the animal experiment displayed in ( a ), displayed relative to placebo, pooled from two individual experiments and normalised to the mCCL5 or mCXCL10 means in the corresponding placebo group, significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA with correction for multiple comparisons (Dunnett). d Kaplan-Meier plot showing survival of C57BL/6 mice from the animal experiment displayed in ( a ). The statistical significance of Kaplan-Meier analyses was calculated using the Log-rank test or the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test when groups crossed each other. ELISA results represent the mean, error bars are SEM, n.s. = not significant, alpha = 0.05.

Article Snippet: Samples were then incubated with anti-human DPP4 rabbit IgG (NB100-59021, Novus) (1:150 in antibody diluent solution) for 1 hour at room temperature.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: British Journal of Cancer

Article Title: PARP inhibitor-induced anti-tumour chemokine response is suppressed by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1038/s41416-025-03076-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: a IHC hDPP4 staining was performed with tissue microarray samples from 208 patients with HGSOC. Depicted images were used as reference images to evaluate the hDPP4 staining. b Pie chart showing the distribution of staining intensities from ( a ). c Activity assay displaying DPP4 activity in fresh-frozen tumour samples from patients of the cohort from ( a ) ( n = 33), categorised into the staining groups determined in ( b ) score 0 ( n = 13), score 1 ( n = 4), score 2 ( n = 7), and score 3 ( n = 9), three outliers were excluded by the ROUT method with Q = 1%. d Kaplan-Meier analysis of patient overall survival stratified into the hDPP4 low expressing group (score 0-2 from ( b ), n = 196) and the hDPP4 high expressing group (score 3 from ( b ), n = 12). e Kaplan-Meier plot showing survival of C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally inoculated with syngeneic ID8-Trp53 (−/−) mDPP4 + ( n = 14) or ID8-Trp53 (−/−) empty ( n = 14) pooled from three individual experiments. f Kaplan-Meier plot showing survival of C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally inoculated with syngeneic ID8-Trp53 (−/−) Brca2 (−/−) mDPP4 + ( n = 8) or ID8-Trp53 (−/−) Brca2 (−/−) empty ( n = 8). g KM-plotter survival analysis with the following parameters: use multiple genes, Filter by median expression, Gene symbol: 203717_at (DPP4), include only patients with high expression of gene 214727_at (BRCA2), start analysis using selected genes, auto select best cutoff, OS, Histology: serous, Stage: 3 + 4, Grade: 3, TP53 mutation: mutated, Debulk: optimal. h KM-plotter survival analysis like ( g ) but with the following parameter change: include only patients with low expression of gene 214727_at (BRCA2). Statistical significance of Kaplan-Meier analyses was calculated using Log-rank test or, when groups crossed each other, Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test. Activity assay results represent the mean, error bars are SEM, significant differences were determined by Welch’s ANOVA with Tamhane’s T2 multiple comparisons test.

Article Snippet: Samples were then incubated with anti-human DPP4 rabbit IgG (NB100-59021, Novus) (1:150 in antibody diluent solution) for 1 hour at room temperature.

Techniques: Staining, Microarray, Activity Assay, Expressing, Mutagenesis